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Immuno-Oncology Research
Tools and Reagents

Breakthroughs begin with understanding.

Understanding the tumor microenvironment is transforming immuno-oncology. Vector Laboratories provides the integrated biology, chemistry, and scientific expertise that help researchers generate reliable tissue insights—from sample preparation through translational validation. With end-to-end workflow support for immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and more, Vector Laboratories has the application solutions you need to break through.

Supporting Your Immuno-Oncology Research Goals

Behind every immuno-oncology question is a patient whose immune response is entirely their own. Answering it means interrogating how each tumor uniquely operates. The tissues, markers, and detection method all shape the workflow decisions that follow. Tap a card to see the workflow, sample type, and typical research question behind it.

High-plex IF / Spatial
Characterize tumor microenvironment
Tap to see the workflow ↻
Everything you need to characterize immune cell interactions in tissue
Sample: FFPE, frozen
See the Multiplex IF workflow
IHC
Checkpoint phenotyping
Tap to see the workflow ↻
Characterize immune checkpoint protein expression with confidence
Sample: FFPE
See the Single-plex IHC workflow
ELISA
Biomarker validation
Tap to see the workflow ↻
What you need to move candidate biomarkers toward clinical confidence
Sample: Serum, plasma
See the ELISA workflow
Flow cytometry
Immune profiling
Tap to see the workflow ↻
Evaluate immune heterogeneity and predict treatment responses
Sample: Cell suspension
Talk to a workflow expert
Syngeneic / in vivo
Preclinical efficacy
Tap to see the workflow ↻
Move your discoveries toward therapeutic confidence
Sample: Animal models
Talk to a workflow expert
ADC / bispecific
Therapeutic development
Tap to see the workflow ↻
Biology and chemistry expertise to craft molecules and modalities for your specific target
Sample: Engineered molecules
Talk to a workflow expert
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Cancer Research Workflow Solutions

From highly characterized reagents to bespoke scientific services, Vector Laboratories helps you build and customize end-to-end immuno-oncology workflows, so you get definitive answers to your specific tumor interrogation questions.

Vector Laboratories combines biology, chemistry, antibodies, detection technologies, glycobiology, bioconjugation, and custom scientific services to support tissue-based immuno-oncology workflows—from target identification through translational validation and into therapeutic development.

Explore our end-to-end application workflow solutions for IHC, IF, and ELISA below.

Select your workflow:

Multiplex IF
Single-Plex IHC
Multiplex IHC
ELISA

Multiplex IF Workflow

1
Sample prep
2
Blocking
3
Primary antibody
4
Detection
5
Mounting medium
6
Antibody removal

Sample prep

Start with intact tissue. Our reagents keep sections fixed and antigens accessible.

Blocking

Clean background, true signal. Serum blocking suppresses non-specific staining.

Primary antibody

Trust every target. Characterized antibodies give reproducible staining and precise localization.

Detection

Signal, not autofluorescence. TrueVIEW quenching clears background for clean imaging.

Mounting medium

Protect your samples. VECTASHIELD media lock in fluorescence for bright, analysis-ready slides.

Antibody removal

Get more data from your section. Gentle stripping maintains tissue integrity round after round of staining.

1
Sample prep
2
Blocking
3
Primary binder
4
Detection
5
Chromogen
6
Counterstain & mount

Sample prep

Start with intact tissue. Our reagents keep sections fixed and antigens accessible.

Blocking

Clean background, true signal. Serum blocking suppresses non-specific staining.

Primary binder

Specificity you can defend. Characterized antibodies and lectins deliver reproducible staining.

Detection

Amplify true signal. ImmPRESS reagents and secondary antibodies enable precise visualization of low abundance targets.

Chromogen

Stain with confidence. Achieve crisp and sensitive staining with high-performance chromogenic substrates.

Counterstain & mount

Add context that lasts. Counterstain for architecture, mount for archive-stable slides.

1
Sample prep
2
Blocking
3
Primary antibody
4
Detection
5
Chromogen
6
Antibody removal & mount

Sample prep

Start with intact tissue. Our reagents keep sections fixed and antigens accessible.

Blocking

Clean background, true signal. Serum blocking suppresses non-specific staining.

Primary antibody

Confident on every marker. Characterized antibodies deliver reproducible multi-target signal.

Detection

Sensitive signal per marker. ImmPRESS polymers amplify the targets that matter.

Chromogen

Stain with confidence. Achieve crisp and sensitive staining with high-performance chromogenic substrates.

Antibody removal & mount

More markers, same tissue. Gentle removal enables sequential staining, then mounting.

1
Blocking
2
Primary binder
3
Detection
4
Substrate

Blocking

Detect accurately. BSA, casein, and carbo-free blockers keep signal specific.

Primary binder

Detect and quantify with confidence. Characterized antibodies and lectins anchor sensitive, reproducible assays.

Substrate

Consistent, comparable data. TMB delivers reproducible colorimetric signal every run.

Prefer an all-in-one?

Quick, cost-effective readout. Validated kits are ready-to-use for reproducible results.

Need a more customized solution? Our specialists can help you build end-to-end immuno-oncology workflows unique to your specific research and development questions.

Featured Cancer Research Areas

Our high-quality antibodies and reagents support cancer research across multiple applications, enabling the study of key biomarkers and pathways in breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. Explore how our products advance research in these featured cancer types.

Breast Cancer

Labeling specific markers is crucial for breast cancer research, from tumor characterization to therapy selection and mechanistic studies. HER2, ER, and PR stratify standard subtypes, while Ki-67 and TP53 assess proliferation and invasion. In triple negative breast cancer, immunodetection-based tools support research on BRCA mutations and PD-L1 expression, informing immunotherapy eligibility.

Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) affects 4% of the population, requiring reliable reagents for diagnostics and therapy development. MSI-H and dMMR status, assessed via MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2, identify patients eligible for immunotherapy. Antibodies also support biomarker research on CEACAM5 and targets for therapies like EGFR and VEGF inhibitors.

Lung Cancer

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer deaths, with accurate biomarker detection critical for classification and treatment. Tissue-specific markers like TTF-1 and p63 help subtype tumors, while EGFR, ALK, and PD-L1 guide targeted therapies. Frequent mutations in KRAS, BRAF, and TP53 further shape lung cancer progression.

Melanoma

Immune checkpoint biology defines melanoma research, requiring precise markers for both diagnosis and immunotherapy response. BRAF, NRAS, and KIT mutations guide targeted therapy selection, while SOX10 and S100 support diagnostic subtyping. Checkpoint markers PD-L1, CTLA-4, and LAG-3 remain central to evaluating immunotherapy response and resistance.

One Supplier Across Biology, Chemistry, and the Science in Between.

Vector Laboratories is a leading provider of trusted immunodetection reagents and creator of bespoke molecules. Between off-the-shelf solutions trusted by thousands of researchers and in-house expertise in chemical synthesis, antibody engineering, and bioconjugation, Vector Laboratories bridges the gap between immuno-oncology discovery and impact.

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Biology

More than 50 years of immunodetection expertise, with antibodies, blocking reagents, and detection chemistries validated across applications.

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Chemistry

Linkers, fluorescent dyes, specialty chemistries, bioconjugation reagents, and kits designed for complex scientific applications.

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Custom Services

Antibody sequencing, antibody engineering, protein expression, custom conjugation, and chemistry synthesis.

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Scientific Partnership

Consultation from scientists who help you plan the workflow, with partnership flexibility, from custom components to scalable manufacturing.

Technical and Educational Cancer Research Resources

For more information on how Vector’s portfolio of products supports cancer research, explore the following resources.

Synergistic Strategies for Biologic Design and Functionalization

This approach to biologic design uses antibody engineering and modular chemistries to create adaptable, easy-to-optimize bioconjugates for fast iteration of experimental tools in complex biologic programs.

Multiplex IHC Protocol on Automated Stainers with VectaPlex™

The VectaPlex Antibody Removal Kit can be used on automated staining platforms for high-plex immunostaining while preserving tissue morphology and antigen integrity.

BioDesign: The Definitive Toolbox for
Optimizing Bioconjugate Properties and
Expediting Conjugate Synthesis

The BioDesign Toolbox provides drug developers ease of access to trusted antibody engineering, crucial bioconjugation products, and unique linker IP for ADC development.

Examining Altered Glycobiology in Cancer eBook

This eBook will walk you through a brief background and research being performed to empower you to unlock deeper insights in your cancer investigation with glycobiology.

Vector Laboratories in Immuno-Oncology

Read recent publications utilizing Vector Laboratories’ suite of antibodies, lectins, and immunodetection reagents support immuno-oncology applications and can take research from the bench to the clinic.

Immune-Evasion Target Atlas

However a tumor evades the immune system, the question for your research is the same: can you see it in the tissue? Explore the immuno-oncology (IO) target landscape, then build the IHC/IF workflow to detect it.

Ready to Advance Your Immuno-Oncology Workflows?

Tell us what you’re trying to characterize, validate, or build, and our experts will build a custom workflow for your unique project needs.